Essential Circuit Analysis Using Proteus
This textbook provides a compact but comprehensive treatment that guides students through the analysis of circuits, using Proteus. The book focuses on solving problems using updated market-standard software, corresponding to all key concepts covered in the classroom. The author uses his extensive classroom experience to guide students toward a deeper understanding of key concepts while they gain facility with the software they will need to master for later studies and practical use in their engineering careers. The book includes detailed exercises and examples that provide better grasping to students. This book will be ideal as a hands-on source for courses in computer-aided circuit simulation, circuits, electronics, digital logic, and power electronics. Though written primarily for undergraduate and graduate students, the text will also be useful to Ph.D. scholars and practitioners in engineering who are working on Proteus.
Essential Circuit Analysis Using Proteus
Circuit Simulation using Proteus Professional is a course which is best suited for all electronics and communication or Electronics and Electrical engineers. In this course, you will be able to learn about the basics of Power Supply Design, Component Selection, Component behavior and Electronic component output based on the applications. In practical we need actual components to check out the behavior of the components along with the experiment tools. But where as in simulation, we just need to install a particular software that runs the preloaded script and shows us the relevant outputs. Here we will learn combination of the components and analyze the output and will try to make circuits based on our requirements.
Primary image processing was done via the Illumina pipeline (which included Firecrest for image analysis, Bustard for base calling, and GERALD for alignment and visualization). The Phred-like quality scores (assigned to each base of each raw read via Bustard) were further analyzed via the IGS quality control pipeline. Values were plotted to evaluate per-cycle/base statistics, and any data falling below the minimum quality threshold were removed from the final data set. Raw reads were mapped to the P. mirabilis HI4320 reference genome with the Mosaik aligner ( ), allowing for 2-nt mismatches. The genome of P. mirabilis HI4320 has been sequenced and published (43) and is nearly identical to that of BB2000, based on the current transcriptomic analysis. Therefore, nucleotide sequences derived from HI4320 were used for the RNA-Seq analysis of BB2000 and BB2204. Raw reads were normalized to reads per kilobase of gene (exon) per million mapped reads (RPKM values) (40), using an IGS in-house pipeline built around a combination of Burrows-Wheeler Aligner (34) and TopHat/Cufflinks (54, 55).
Generally, the DC output voltage (Vdc) of a rectifier circuit is limited by the peak value of its sinusoidal input voltage. But by using combinations of rectifier diodes and capacitors together we can effectively multiply this input peak voltage to give a DC output equal to some odd or even multiple of the peak voltage value of the AC input voltage. Consider the basic voltage multiplier circuit below.
It is necessary to change the input Ac waveform to a DC output waveform. This is achieved using ban Ac rectifier circuit. Two types of rectifier circuit may be used- full wave and half wave rectifier circuit . These effectively block the part of the waveform in one sense and allow through the part of the wave form in other sense.
However, it is known for the limitation of its free version. Since the unpaid option only provides a limited emulation of the full program, it lacks a number of the more detailed simulation options. Still, it can be perfectly fine for basic circuit testing. However, the paid version offers a huge section of evaluation tools, including AC and DC output analysis.
Proteus is a Windows-based mixed-mode simulation tool with a free and paid package option. The basic version is a solid, real-time simulation program that can help you design circuits and PCBs with ease. The advanced version boasts a multitude of educational accolades, being used in high schools and colleges worldwide. Its in-depth circuit analysis tools allow users to output graphs on their circuits detailing:
Tina-TI offers an impressive array of features for the savvy user. It has a library of almost every component on the market today and can check for errors even before the first simulation. Its easy-to-use interface makes constructing circuits simple, while the wide array of simulation analysis gives you the option to view data regarding noise, transience, and AC or DC currents, amongst others.
To conclude, most of the circuit simulation software tools on this list are ideal for circuit drawing, circuit analysis and design collaboration. Pick the one that you feel best suits your business needs, then add the components it provides to run simulation.
This graph shows how the input impedance of the circuit varies with frequency. At 100MHz we can see that the input impedance Zin is 630Ohm. So in this way we can easily calculate the input impedance of a circuit using proteus. Note that we can also get the phase response with the same graph if we put the probe Zin on the right side of the graph.
So the input impedance values from the graph analysis in proteus and the online calculator are approximately equal. With this value for input coupling capacitor can be calculated which is around 24pF at 100MHz input frequency.
Similarly to measure the output impedance of a circuit we place a source at the output directing into the circuit and place a current probe also directing input the circuit as shown below. The voltage source is named Vout and the current probe is named Iout. Notice that a small resistor 0f 0.5Ohm is added in series with inductor this time because the proteus prospice needs a path to calculate at finite value while performing the circuit analysis(real inductors do have small resistance).
This is an open-source circuit design and simulation software. It can be used for circuit simulation, analysis, and design. It allows you to create circuits from a variety of devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors (BJT and FET), op amps, comparators and Z80 microprocessors.
Tina-TI is a free circuit simulation software that is not only capable of designing and simulating circuits but also allows you to check the circuit for errors before running the simulation. On top of this, you are able to perform DC, AC, Transient, and Fourier analysis.
MixedSim can be used to obtain a number of different characteristics of the electrical circuit in the form of tables and plots. The Simulation Dashboard is used to control the analysis, define the view and adjust parameters. You can open the Dashboard from the Simulate menu, or the Panels menu.
The Operating Point analysis calculates the values of current and voltage balance points in a steady-state circuit operation, the transfer coefficients in DC mode, as well as calculating the poles and zeros of the AC transfer characteristic that is required in other types of calculations.
Click Run to the right of the Operating Point text to perform an Operating Point analysis. A new document tab will automatically open, displaying the .sdf file. The SDF document will include a single Operating Point tab (shown at the bottom of the workspace) that displays the calculations of all previously configured Probe points. Values are automatically calculated for all nodes in the circuit, these can be added to the results table by double-clicking on the Wave Name in the Sim Data panel when the SDF document is active.
When the DC Sweep analysis is run, the results will display on a tab in the SDF document labeled DC Sweep. The upper Plot in the image below shows the DC Sweep results, displaying the current characteristics on the pins of the resistor R7 (shown in the previous schematic example image). The lower Plot shows the voltage source values V3 before and after passing through the circuit.
Sensitivity Analysis provides a way of determining which circuit components or factors have the most influence on the output characteristics of a circuit. With this information, you can reduce the influence of negative characteristics, or alternatively, enhance the circuit performance based on positive characteristics. Sensitivity Analysis calculates sensitivities as numeric values of given measurements related to components/model parameters of circuit components, as well as sensitivity to temperature/global parameters. The result of the analysis is a table of the ranged values of sensitivities for each measurement type.
There are several mandatory steps that must be followed in order for the simulation to be successful. It is also essential to perform an electrical rules check of the circuit before running the simulation.
The SPICE netlist is a textual representation of the circuit. It must include all necessary components with parameters, component models, connections, and types of analysis. It is the SPICE netlist that is processed by the simulation engine. The graphical representation of the schematic is used to simplify the creation of the netlist from the user's work when simulating. Because the netlist is created automatically when designing the schematic there is no need to manually create it, simplifying the process and reducing potential errors.
One of the challenges of all Simulators is convergence. What exactly is meant by the term, convergence? Like most Simulators, the Mixed Simulator's SPICE engine uses an iterative process of repeatedly solving the equations that represent your circuit, to find the quiescent circuit voltages and currents. If it fails to find these voltages and current (fails to converge) then it will not be able to perform an analysis of the circuit.
However, if the voltages or currents do not converge within a specified number of iterations, SPICE produces error messages (such as singular matrix, Gmin stepping failed, source stepping failed or iteration limit reached) and aborts the simulation. SPICE uses the results of each simulation step as the initial guesses for the next step. If you are performing a Transient analysis (that is, time is being stepped) and SPICE cannot converge on a solution using the specified timestep, the timestep is automatically reduced, and the cycle is repeated. If the timestep is reduced too far, SPICE displays a Timestep too small message and aborts the simulation. 041b061a72